#traffic-management

Deploy and manage microservices communication using Istio service mesh for traffic management, security, and observability. Istio architecture: 1. Data plane: Envoy proxy sidecars, automatic injection, traffic interception. 2. Control plane: Pilot (traffic management), Citadel (security), Galley (configuration). 3. Ingress/egress gateways: external traffic management, TLS termination, rate limiting. Traffic management: 1. Virtual services: request routing, traffic splitting (10% canary, 90% stable), fault injection. 2. Destination rules: load balancing (round robin, least connection), circuit breaker configuration. 3. Gateways: external traffic entry points, protocol configuration, host-based routing. Security features: 1. mTLS: automatic mutual TLS between services, certificate management, encryption at service level. 2. Authorization policies: RBAC for service-to-service communication, JWT validation. 3. Security policies: network policies, ingress/egress controls, threat detection. Observability: 1. Distributed tracing: Jaeger integration, request flow visualization, latency analysis. 2. Metrics collection: Prometheus integration, service-level indicators, golden signals. 3. Access logging: comprehensive request logging, audit trails, compliance support. Performance optimization: 1. Sidecar configuration: resource limits (CPU: 100m, Memory: 128Mi), proxy protocols. 2. Traffic policies: timeout configuration (30s), retry policies (3 attempts), connection pooling. Canary deployments: 1. Traffic splitting: gradual rollout (5% → 10% → 50% → 100%), automated rollback. 2. Success criteria: error rate <0.1%, latency increase <10%, business metrics validation.